Which statement about entropy and information is correct?
AHigher entropy means greater uncertainty
BHigher entropy means less information
CLower entropy means greater uncertainty
DEntropy does not relate to uncertainty
✓Answer: (A) Higher entropy means greater uncertainty
Entropy measures the uncertainty or randomness of a message in information theory developed by Claude Shannon. When entropy is higher, the outcome is less predictable, so the message contains more uncertainty and potential information.
14March 2026
In information theory, the unit of information when logarithm base 2 is used is:
AByte
BNat
CBit
DDigit
✓Answer: (C) Bit
Claude Shannon defined the bit (binary digit) as the fundamental unit of information using a base-2 logarithm.
13March 2026
Who is considered the founder of Information Theory?
ANorbert Wiener
BClaude Shannon
CWarren Weaver
DVannevar Bush
✓Answer: (B) Claude Shannon
Shannon’s 1948 paper “A Mathematical Theory of Communication” established Information Theory.
12March 2026
Which identifier is specifically designed to uniquely identify researchers and distinguish authors with similar names?
AISSN
BISBN
CORCID
DDOI
✓Answer: (C) ORCID
ORCID provides a persistent digital identifier for researchers.
11March 2026
Which platform provides the PlumX Metrics system?
AGoogle
BCrossref
CJSTOR
DElsevier
✓Answer: (D) Elsevier
PlumX Metrics is provided by Elsevier to measure multiple forms of research impact.
10March 2026
The Altmetric Attention Score is represented visually by which of the following?
AImpact graph
BCitation bar
CColored donut badge
DStar rating
✓Answer: (C) Colored donut badge
Altmetric uses a multicolored donut badge to visualize the Attention Score.
09March 2026
Which open-source digital preservation software follows the OAIS reference model for long-term preservation?
AArchivematica
BPreservica
CCLOCKKS
DIslandora
✓Answer: (A) Archivematica
Archivematica is an OAIS-compliant digital preservation system.
08March 2026
The digital library Gallica is maintained by which national institution?
ABritish Library
BLibrary of Congress
CBibliothèque nationale de France
DNational Library of Spain
✓Answer: (C) Bibliothèque nationale de France
Gallica is the digital library of the French National Library.
07March 2026
Which digital library project of the National Library of Australia provides large-scale access to digitized newspapers and historical resources?
AEuropeana
BGallica
CHathiTrust
DTrove
✓Answer: (D) Trove
Trove provides digitized Australian newspapers and historical resources.
06March 2026
The National Mission on Manuscripts (India) mainly focuses on:
APreservation of government records
BDigitization and documentation of ancient manuscripts
CPreservation of electronic journals
DArchiving websites
✓Answer: (B) Digitization and documentation of ancient manuscripts
The mission identifies and digitizes manuscripts across India.
05March 2026
Which of the following is used primarily for biomedical literature indexing rather than citation ranking?
APubMed
BWeb of Science
CScopus
DDimensions
✓Answer: (A) PubMed
PubMed focuses on biomedical indexing rather than citation ranking.
04March 2026
The Impact Factor is calculated based on citations received in:
AOne year
BTwo preceding years
CFive years
DTen years
✓Answer: (B) Two preceding years
03March 2026
Which database provides the h5-index for journal ranking?
AJournal Citation Reports
BSCImago
CGoogle Scholar Metrics
DEssential Science Indicators
✓Answer: (C) Google Scholar Metrics
02March 2026
Which OA model is most similar to S2O in avoiding APC charges?
AHybrid OA
BDiamond OA
CGold OA
DGreen OA
✓Answer: (B) Diamond OA
01March 2026
The primary objective of PREMIS is to:
AEnhance subject access
BEncode bibliographic description
CImprove user interface design
DSupport long-term preservation and authenticity of digital objects
✓Answer: (D) Support long-term preservation and authenticity of digital objects
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