Daily Important LIS Questions December 2025

Daily LIS Quiz

Daily Important LIS Question - December 2025

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31 Dec 2025

Which of the following best distinguishes a DOI from a URL?

A DOI is free, URL is paid

B DOI identifies print documents only

C DOI works only offline

D DOI is permanent, URL may change

✓Answer:(D) DOI is permanent, URL may change

A DOI is persistent and permanent, whereas a URL can change over time. DOIs ensure reliable citation, discovery, and long-term access to scholarly works.

30 Dec 2025

Optical fibre cable is preferred in networking because it:

A Provides high speed and long-distance transmission

B Uses electrical signals

C Is cheaper than all other media

D Is easily affected by electromagnetic interference

✓Answer:(A) Provides high speed and long-distance transmission

Optical fibre uses light signals, offering high bandwidth, long distance, and strong resistance to interference.

29 Dec 2025

The default metadata schema used in DSpace is:

A MARC 21

B MODS

C Dublin Core

D BibTeX

✓Answer:(C) Dublin Core

DSpace primarily uses Qualified Dublin Core, though it allows customization and additional schemas.

28 Dec 2025

Which of the following situations would make SNIP a preferred metric over Impact Factor?

A Assessing a single highly cited article

B Evaluating an author’s career impact

C Comparing journals across humanities and medicine

D Measuring short-term citation bursts

✓Answer:(C) Comparing journals across humanities and medicine

SNIP is ideal for interdisciplinary journal evaluation, where citation patterns vary widely.

27 Dec 2025

A journal with fewer citations per paper may still have a higher SNIP because:

A SNIP favors newer journals

B Its field has lower citation density

C Self-citations are weighted more

D SNIP uses percentile ranking

✓Answer:(B) Its field has lower citation density

In low-citation disciplines, even modest citation counts may indicate high relative impact, which SNIP captures.

26 Dec 2025

Which of the following is a key limitation of the h-index?

A It ignores highly cited papers beyond the h threshold

B It can decrease over time

C It counts only journal articles

D It depends on journal prestige

✓Answer:(A) It ignores highly cited papers beyond the h threshold

The h-index does not reflect very highly cited papers once they exceed the h threshold, making it insensitive to exceptional individual works.

25 Dec 2025

Which database officially calculates and displays CiteScore?

A Scopus

B PubMed

C Web of Science

D PubMed

✓Answer:(A) Scopus

CiteScore is calculated and displayed by Scopus (Elsevier).

24 Dec 2025

Which metric is MOST suitable for assessing the combined productivity and impact of an individual researcher?

A CiteScore

B Journal Impact Factor

C SNIP

D h-index

✓Answer:(D) h-index

The h-index measures both number of publications and citations received, making it an author-level metric. Others are journal-level indicators.

23 Dec 2025

Research design is best described as:

A A statistical tool for data analysis

B A plan for writing the research report

C A blueprint for conducting research

D A technique for sampling

✓Answer:(C) A blueprint for conducting research

Research design provides the overall plan and structure for data collection, measurement, and analysis—hence called the blueprint of research.

22 Dec 2025

Which type of plagiarism occurs due to poor note-taking or forgetting citations?

A Intentional plagiarism

B Source plagiarism

C Accidental plagiarism

D Self-plagiarism

✓Answer:(C) Accidental plagiarism

Even though it is unintentional, accidental plagiarism is still considered an academic offense and must be avoided.

21 Dec 2025

Which of the following is an example of self-plagiarism?

A Citing one’s own work properly

B Publishing revised research findings

C Quoting one’s earlier work with citation

D Reusing own published content without disclosure

✓Answer:(D) Reusing own published content without disclosure

Self-plagiarism happens when authors reuse their own previously published material without citation or permission, misleading publishers and readers.

20 Dec 2025

What is Mosaic plagiarism?

A Using one source repeatedly

B Incorrect referencing style

C Translating text from another language

D Combining copied phrases from multiple sources without citation

✓Answer:(D) Combining copied phrases from multiple sources without citation

Mosaic or patchwork plagiarism involves stitching together phrases or ideas from different sources without acknowledgment.

19 Dec 2025

Copying text word-for-word from a journal article without quotation marks and citation is called:

A Direct plagiarism

B Mosaic plagiarism

C Paraphrasing plagiarism

D Self-plagiarism

✓Answer:(A) Direct plagiarism

Direct (verbatim) plagiarism involves exact copying of text without acknowledgment and is considered the most obvious and serious form.

18 Dec 2025

Which of the following situations most clearly represents a personal conflict of interest?

A Research funded by a government agency

B Reviewing a paper written by a close colleague or relative

C Using open-access data

D Publishing negative results

✓Answer:(B) Reviewing a paper written by a close colleague or relative

Personal relationships can bias judgment. Reviewing or evaluating work by close associates creates a personal COI and should be declared or avoided.

17 Dec 2025

Which of the following best represents a financial conflict of interest?

A Publishing in a low-impact journal

B Receiving consultancy fees from a company related to the research topic

C Disagreement with a reviewer

D Delay in manuscript submission

✓Answer:(B) Receiving consultancy fees from a company related to the research topic

Receiving money, grants, stock options, or consultancy fees from an interested organization is a financial COI, which must be declared to the journal.

16 Dec 2025

Which test is used to find association between two categorical variables?

A t-test

B ANOVA

C Chi-square test

D Mann–Whitney U test

✓Answer:(C) Chi-square test

The Chi-square test examines whether a significant association exists between categorical variables using observed and expected frequencies.

15 Dec 2025

Non-parametric tests are also known as:

A Inferential tests

B Probability tests

C Distribution-free tests

D Parametric alternatives

✓Answer:(C) Distribution-free tests

Non-parametric tests are statistical tests that do not assume any specific population distribution. They are often called distribution-free tests and are suitable for ordinal, nominal, or non-normally distributed data.

14 Dec 2025

Which of the following is not a parametric test?

A t-test

B ANOVA

C Pearson’s correlation

D Chi-square test

✓Answer:(D) Chi-square test

The Chi-square test is a non-parametric test because it is based on frequencies and does not assume any population distribution.

13 Dec 2025

Parametric tests are based on the assumption that the population data are:

A Normally distributed

B Randomly distributed

C Uniformly distributed

D Positively skewed

✓Answer:(A) Normally distributed

Parametric tests assume that the population follows a normal distribution so that population parameters (mean, variance) can be validly estimated.

12 Dec 2025

Adding an author who made no real contribution is known as:

A Gift authorship

B Guest authorship

C Ghost authorship

D False authorship

✓Answer:(A) Gift authorship

Gift authorship = including someone as an author without any meaningful contribution. It violates the authorship criteria of ICMJE.

11 Dec 2025

A group of authors excessively citing each other to increase citation metrics is called:

A Citation enhancement

B Citation recycling

C Citation cartel

D Citation clustering

✓Answer:(C) Citation cartel

A citation cartel occurs when authors or journals mutually cite each other to artificially increase impact. Journals may blacklist such groups.

10 Dec 2025

Publishing the same research results in two journals without cross-reference is:

A Salami slicing

B Redundant publication

C Ethical publication

D Gift authorship

✓Answer:(B) Redundant publication

Redundant (duplicate) publication = publishing identical or substantially similar content in more than one journal. This is prohibited by COPE and most journals.

09 Dec 2025

Which of the following is an example of peer review manipulation?

A Reviewer recommending revisions

B Authors suggesting experts as reviewers

C Authors giving fake email IDs of suggested reviewers

D Reviewer rejecting a poorly written paper

✓Answer:(C) Authors giving fake email IDs of suggested reviewers

Providing fake reviewer details so that authors can review their own papers is one of the most serious publication frauds. Several retractions have occurred due to this (documented by Retraction Watch).

08 Dec 2025

In research publication ethics, creating a data that never existed

A Falsification

B Fabrication

C Salami slicing

D Redundant publication

✓Answer:(B) Fabrication

Fabrication = making up data, results, or events. It is one of the three major forms of research misconduct recognized by the U.S. Office of Research Integrity (ORI) and COPE.

07 Dec 2025

A journal published 150 documents during 2021–2024 and received 450 citations to those documents by 2024. Its 2024 CiteScore will be:

A 1.0

B 2.0

C 3.0

D 4.5

✓Answer:(D) 3.0

450 ÷ 150 = 3.0 It is a citations received to documents published in the last 4 years ÷ All documents published in last 4 years

06 Dec 2025

Claude Shannon is known as the father of which field?

A Thermodynamics

B Cataloguing

C Bibliometrics

D Information Theory

✓Answer:(D) Information Theory

Shannon introduced the mathematical framework for measuring and transmitting information.

05 Dec 2025

In Information Theory, “entropy” mainly refers to:

A The physical heat of a system

B The number of books in a library

C The uncertainty or information content in a message

D The noise level in a library

✓Answer:(C) The uncertainty or information content in a message

Shannon used entropy to measure how much information is contained in a message or signal. Shannon, in 1948, introduced a deeply related notion: “information entropy.” In his information-theory framework, entropy quantifies the amount of information (or uncertainty) in a message or information source.

04 Dec 2025

Which of the following BEST distinguishes CiteScore from Journal Impact Factor?

A CiteScore is updated in real-time

B CiteScore uses a 5-year citation window

C CiteScore excludes conference papers

D CiteScore uses selective citable items

✓Answer:(A) CiteScore is updated in real-time

CiteScore has an ongoing CiteScore Tracker, while JIF does not. It is Updated annually, but a running CiteScore Tracker shows monthly updates.

03 Dec 2025

CiteScore uses which exact formula?

A Citations in a year ÷ Documents in the previous year

B Citations received to documents published in the last 3 years ÷ Number of citable items